The problem of the assessment of the quantitative characteristics of radioactive pollutions in the environment in response to accidents at atomic stations and enterprises of the nuclear technological cycle is a pressing task. Application of methods of the direct simulation of pollution transport makes it basically possible to correctly describe the concentration fields. However in the case under consideration such an approach runs into obstacles when providing models with an appropriate input information. To such difficulties one can refer the indefiniteness of the height and intensity of a source of the radionuclide outburst into the Atmosphere, distribution in the original cloud of aerosol particles by size and velocity of settling-outs, determination of the current meteorological conditions, etc., resulting in the necessity to use in the numerical modeling a supplementary experimental information about the pollution fields and development of suitable reconstruction models.
It should also be noted that when using statements of inverse problems, it is undesirable to describe in considerable detail the radionuclide transport processes, as this can bring about difficulties of their substantiation and numerical implementation. A required stage of solving these problems is the analysis the information content of experimental data involved, planning and optimization of the monitoring systems.